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　　中國教育報-中國教育新(xin)聞(wen)網訊(xun)(記者 任朝霞(xia))國家自(zi)然(ran)科學基(ji)金是國家資(zi)助基(ji)礎研(yan)究的主渠道，幾十(shi)年來(lai)為(wei)我國科研(yan)領(ling)域(yu)出成果、出人才做出了顯著貢獻。近(jin)年來(lai)，基(ji)金申請數量每年都(dou)以較大幅度(du)上升(sheng)，但總體資(zi)助率呈現(xian)逐年下降(jiang)趨(qu)勢(shi)，競爭越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)激烈(lie)。為(wei)此(ci)，全國政協委(wei)員、上海應用技術大學校長汪小帆建議，國家自(zi)然(ran)科學基(ji)金加(jia)大對高校青年教師的支持力度(du)。

　　汪小(xiao)帆建議，一是切實(shi)保障(zhang)(zhang)面上(shang)項(xiang)(xiang)目和(he)青(qing)年(nian)(nian)(nian)基(ji)金的支持力度。近(jin)年(nian)(nian)(nian)來(lai)，高校(xiao)教師的數(shu)量(liang)(liang)和(he)質量(liang)(liang)總體(ti)上(shang)持續(xu)提(ti)高，各高校(xiao)也把(ba)引(yin)進和(he)培(pei)育優(you)秀青(qing)年(nian)(nian)(nian)教師擺在更(geng)(geng)為(wei)突出位置。“杰(jie)青(qing)”和(he)“優(you)青(qing)”的資助(zhu)(zhu)數(shu)量(liang)(liang)非常有(you)限，有(you)必要對(dui)于面上(shang)項(xiang)(xiang)目和(he)青(qing)年(nian)(nian)(nian)基(ji)金從(cong)經費額度和(he)資助(zhu)(zhu)率上(shang)提(ti)供更(geng)(geng)好保障(zhang)(zhang)。建議基(ji)金給予青(qing)年(nian)(nian)(nian)教師更(geng)(geng)多(duo)的信任和(he)機會、更(geng)(geng)強的支持和(he)激勵。資助(zhu)(zhu)率多(duo)提(ti)升一個百分點，就會有(you)一批青(qing)年(nian)(nian)(nian)教師受益。

　　二是優化基(ji)(ji)金(jin)(jin)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)(zi)助(zhu)(zhu)方式。建議(yi)在現有的(de)(de)(de)(de)面上項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)和(he)青年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)基(ji)(ji)金(jin)(jin)支持年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)限(xian)和(he)經費力度(du)不減的(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)礎上，大幅增(zeng)(zeng)加短(duan)期培育(yu)(yu)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)(zi)助(zhu)(zhu)數。目(mu)(mu)(mu)前(qian)獲(huo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)助(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)面上項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)主(zhu)要是四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)期項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)，青年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)基(ji)(ji)金(jin)(jin)主(zhu)要是三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)期項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)。例(li)如，2023年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)獲(huo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)助(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)20321項(xiang)面上項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)中，三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)期項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)僅(jin)(jin)9項(xiang)，兩年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)期項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)僅(jin)(jin)1項(xiang);獲(huo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)助(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)22879項(xiang)青年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)基(ji)(ji)金(jin)(jin)中，兩年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)期項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)僅(jin)(jin)485項(xiang)，一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)期項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)僅(jin)(jin)74項(xiang)。建議(yi)考慮對于面上項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)增(zeng)(zeng)加三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)期和(he)兩年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)期項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)(zi)助(zhu)(zhu)比例(li)，對于青年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)增(zeng)(zeng)加兩年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)期和(he)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)期項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)(zi)助(zhu)(zhu)比例(li)。這樣既有助(zhu)(zhu)于提高總體(ti)資(zi)(zi)(zi)助(zhu)(zhu)率，在不降(jiang)低學(xue)術水準的(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)礎上讓更(geng)(geng)(geng)多教師有獲(huo)得感(gan)，又能通(tong)過相對短(duan)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)(zi)助(zhu)(zhu)起到更(geng)(geng)(geng)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)培育(yu)(yu)作用(yong)，激勵教師在基(ji)(ji)金(jin)(jin)資(zi)(zi)(zi)助(zhu)(zhu)下(xia)進一(yi)步(bu)凝練科學(xue)問題和(he)創(chuang)新(xin)點，從(cong)而提出和(he)開展更(geng)(geng)(geng)高質量的(de)(de)(de)(de)創(chuang)新(xin)研究。對于短(duan)期培育(yu)(yu)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)考核應更(geng)(geng)(geng)加注重能否提出更(geng)(geng)(geng)具(ju)創(chuang)新(xin)性的(de)(de)(de)(de)想法(fa)和(he)研究思路，引導青年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)教師潛心鉆研。

　　三是積極爭取(qu)國家和社(she)會(hui)力(li)量對基(ji)金總(zong)額提供(gong)更大力(li)度(du)支(zhi)持，拓展資助(zhu)渠道。近期，國家自然科學基(ji)金在爭取(qu)社(she)會(hui)捐贈(zeng)方(fang)面做了積極有效的工作。建議爭取(qu)社(she)會(hui)力(li)量，增設針(zhen)對入職(zhi)不久的高校青年教師的專項基(ji)金。

　　四是進一步引導(dao)高校合(he)理(li)對待基(ji)金項目(mu)，優化教師評(ping)價標準。鼓勵和支(zhi)持教師分類發展，不把獲得基(ji)金項目(mu)作(zuo)為教師職稱晉(jin)升和考核的必要條件。