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　　伴隨(sui)著(zhu)中(zhong)國特(te)色(se)社(she)會主義進(jin)入新(xin)(xin)時代(dai)，我國各級各類教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)進(jin)入了(le)(le)“后普及化(hua)”階(jie)段(duan)，標志著(zhu)我國教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)從(cong)“有沒有”進(jin)入了(le)(le)“好不好”的(de)新(xin)(xin)發(fa)展階(jie)段(duan)。建(jian)(jian)設(she)高(gao)(gao)(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)體(ti)系，構建(jian)(jian)高(gao)(gao)(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)發(fa)展新(xin)(xin)格局，成(cheng)為新(xin)(xin)階(jie)段(duan)我國教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)改革(ge)發(fa)展的(de)根本任務。教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)是教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)第一(yi)資源，是建(jian)(jian)設(she)高(gao)(gao)(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)體(ti)系、實施(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)根本力量(liang)(liang)(liang)。目前，我國已建(jian)(jian)成(cheng)全(quan)世(shi)界體(ti)量(liang)(liang)(liang)最大的(de)基(ji)(ji)礎教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)隊(dui)伍，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)數量(liang)(liang)(liang)、規(gui)模(mo)問題得到了(le)(le)歷史性解決，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)職業吸引力明顯增強(qiang)，但在(zai)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)、結構、配置、管理體(ti)制機(ji)制等方面仍面臨許多挑(tiao)戰，亟(ji)須頂層設(she)計(ji)和專(zhuan)門政策予(yu)以應對，建(jian)(jian)設(she)高(gao)(gao)(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)基(ji)(ji)礎教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)隊(dui)伍，實施(shi)基(ji)(ji)礎教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)“強(qiang)師(shi)(shi)(shi)計(ji)劃”(以下簡稱《計(ji)劃》)勢在(zai)必行(xing)。

　　一、高質量基礎教育教師隊伍建設的戰略背景

　　2021年(nian)3月6日(ri)，習近平總書(shu)記看(kan)望參加(jia)政協會(hui)議的醫藥衛生(sheng)界教(jiao)(jiao)育界委員時(shi)(shi)強(qiang)調，“有(you)高(gao)(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)的教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)才會(hui)有(you)高(gao)(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)的教(jiao)(jiao)育”。在新的發展階段，中(zhong)國基礎教(jiao)(jiao)育承(cheng)載著為中(zhong)華民族(zu)偉大復(fu)興奠基的時(shi)(shi)代重任(ren)，迫切需要(yao)在新的歷史起點上實施基礎教(jiao)(jiao)育“強(qiang)師(shi)計劃”，全面(mian)推進(jin)高(gao)(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)隊伍建設。

　　建設高(gao)質量基礎(chu)(chu)教(jiao)育(yu)教(jiao)師隊(dui)伍是實(shi)施教(jiao)育(yu)強(qiang)(qiang)國戰(zhan)略的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)。黨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十九(jiu)大報告(gao)明確(que)提出(chu)，建設教(jiao)育(yu)強(qiang)(qiang)國是中華民族偉大復興的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)(chu)工程。黨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十九(jiu)屆五中全會提出(chu)了(le)到2035年(nian)建成(cheng)(cheng)教(jiao)育(yu)強(qiang)(qiang)國的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)宏偉目標(biao)。我(wo)國已(yi)經建成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)世界上(shang)最大規模的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)(chu)教(jiao)育(yu)體系，成(cheng)(cheng)為公認的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)(chu)教(jiao)育(yu)大國。伴(ban)隨著(zhu)我(wo)國基礎(chu)(chu)教(jiao)育(yu)普及(ji)(ji)率的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大幅(fu)提高(gao)，我(wo)國教(jiao)師隊(dui)伍規模不斷擴張(zhang)，基本滿足了(le)基礎(chu)(chu)教(jiao)育(yu)普及(ji)(ji)發展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)，但這支隊(dui)伍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學歷水(shui)平、整體素質和(he)(he)宏觀(guan)結構，還不適應基礎(chu)(chu)教(jiao)育(yu)高(gao)質量發展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)。教(jiao)師強(qiang)(qiang)則教(jiao)育(yu)強(qiang)(qiang)，教(jiao)育(yu)強(qiang)(qiang)則國家強(qiang)(qiang)。站(zhan)在我(wo)國教(jiao)育(yu)發展(zhan)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史方(fang)位和(he)(he)歷史起點上(shang)，必(bi)須加快推進高(gao)質量基礎(chu)(chu)教(jiao)育(yu)教(jiao)師隊(dui)伍建設。

　　建設高(gao)質(zhi)量基礎教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師隊(dui)伍(wu)是推(tui)進(jin)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)必(bi)由(you)之路。改革開放以來，我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)事業(ye)取得了(le)歷史性成就，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)總體(ti)水平(ping)達(da)到(dao)世界中(zhong)上(shang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)平(ping)均水平(ping)，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)化(hua)取得重要進(jin)展。《中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)化(hua)2035》提(ti)出，建設高(gao)素(su)(su)質(zhi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)化(hua)創新型教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師隊(dui)伍(wu)，堅持(chi)把(ba)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師隊(dui)伍(wu)建設作為(wei)(wei)基礎工(gong)作，為(wei)(wei)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)化(hua)提(ti)供人才支撐。當前(qian)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)基礎教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)發展的(de)(de)(de)主要矛盾已經發生(sheng)根(gen)本(ben)轉變，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師隊(dui)伍(wu)質(zhi)量高(gao)低成為(wei)(wei)影(ying)響(xiang)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)持(chi)續推(tui)進(jin)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)根(gen)本(ben)影(ying)響(xiang)因素(su)(su)。截至2020年(nian)底，全國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)小學專(zhuan)(zhuan)任教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師學歷合(he)(he)格率(lv)(lv)達(da)到(dao)99.98%，初中(zhong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)任教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師學歷合(he)(he)格率(lv)(lv)達(da)到(dao)99.89%，普通高(gao)中(zhong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)任教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師學歷合(he)(he)格率(lv)(lv)達(da)到(dao)98.79%。但我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)中(zhong)小學教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師的(de)(de)(de)學歷水平(ping)與世界發達(da)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)相比(bi)存(cun)在較大的(de)(de)(de)差(cha)距[1]。2018年(nian)，英、法、日(ri)、韓、澳等國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，小學教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師本(ben)科及以上(shang)學歷水平(ping)皆達(da)90%以上(shang)，歐(ou)盟(meng)、OECD成員國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)初中(zhong)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師研究(jiu)生(sheng)及以上(shang)學歷水平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)比(bi)例分別為(wei)(wei)57.0%、45.5%[2]。

　　建設高質量(liang)基礎(chu)(chu)教(jiao)育(yu)教(jiao)師(shi)(shi)隊(dui)(dui)伍(wu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)辦好人民(min)(min)滿意教(jiao)育(yu)的(de)(de)必然要求(qiu)。辦好人民(min)(min)滿意的(de)(de)教(jiao)育(yu)，離(li)不開一(yi)支愛崗敬業、素(su)質優良的(de)(de)教(jiao)師(shi)(shi)隊(dui)(dui)伍(wu)。2014年9月10日，習(xi)近平總書(shu)記在(zai)北師(shi)(shi)大(da)與教(jiao)師(shi)(shi)座談時強調：一(yi)個(ge)人遇到(dao)好老師(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)人生的(de)(de)幸(xing)運，一(yi)個(ge)學(xue)校擁有好老師(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)校的(de)(de)光榮，一(yi)個(ge)民(min)(min)族源(yuan)(yuan)源(yuan)(yuan)不斷(duan)涌現出一(yi)批又一(yi)批好老師(shi)(shi)則是(shi)(shi)(shi)民(min)(min)族的(de)(de)希(xi)望(wang)[3]。教(jiao)育(yu)發展進入(ru)新階段，人民(min)(min)群(qun)(qun)眾對公平、多樣、特(te)色(se)、優質教(jiao)育(yu)的(de)(de)需(xu)求(qiu)更(geng)加(jia)強烈(lie)，對教(jiao)師(shi)(shi)隊(dui)(dui)伍(wu)素(su)質提出了更(geng)高的(de)(de)要求(qiu)。2021年，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)基礎(chu)(chu)教(jiao)育(yu)專(zhuan)任(ren)教(jiao)師(shi)(shi)達到(dao)1586萬人[4]，基礎(chu)(chu)教(jiao)育(yu)教(jiao)師(shi)(shi)隊(dui)(dui)伍(wu)建設的(de)(de)主(zhu)要矛盾正在(zai)從數量(liang)不足(zu)向(xiang)提高質量(liang)轉變，全(quan)(quan)面加(jia)強教(jiao)師(shi)(shi)隊(dui)(dui)伍(wu)建設是(shi)(shi)(shi)推動“雙(shuang)減”政策科學(xue)落實的(de)(de)關(guan)鍵之(zhi)舉，是(shi)(shi)(shi)不斷(duan)滿足(zu)人民(min)(min)群(qun)(qun)眾對美好教(jiao)育(yu)生活向(xiang)往的(de)(de)必然選擇。

　　二、高質量基礎教育教師隊伍建設的戰略任務

　　全(quan)面建設(she)高(gao)質量基礎(chu)教(jiao)育教(jiao)師(shi)隊(dui)伍是(shi)一項系統性(xing)、綜合(he)性(xing)、艱巨性(xing)的(de)(de)復(fu)雜工程，需要(yao)進行縝密的(de)(de)政(zheng)策(ce)設(she)計，其中三個方面的(de)(de)戰略(lve)任務是(shi)至關重要(yao)，具有全(quan)局性(xing)、緊迫性(xing)和戰略(lve)性(xing)。

　　加(jia)快建設(she)世(shi)界(jie)(jie)一(yi)(yi)流的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)體(ti)(ti)系。教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)基(ji)礎教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作母機。建設(she)高質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)基(ji)礎教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隊伍，必須加(jia)快構建強大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具有中國特色的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)體(ti)(ti)系。從(cong)世(shi)界(jie)(jie)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)發(fa)(fa)展模式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)演變(bian)看(kan)，從(cong)最初致(zhi)力(li)于(yu)培養小(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)，到第二次世(shi)界(jie)(jie)大(da)戰后(hou)面(mian)向中小(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)展提(ti)(ti)(ti)供全(quan)過程(cheng)支(zhi)持(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)，整體(ti)(ti)上(shang)呈現為(wei)一(yi)(yi)個從(cong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)門化(hua)培養向專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)轉(zhuan)變(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史進程(cheng)。綜觀戰后(hou)主(zhu)要發(fa)(fa)達國家(jia)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)培養制(zhi)度(du)改(gai)革(ge)，主(zhu)要趨勢和(he)舉(ju)措(cuo)是(shi)建立開(kai)放的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)體(ti)(ti)系，確(que)立大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)系統中教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)地(di)(di)位，實現專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)門化(hua)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)向專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)型(xing)發(fa)(fa)展[5]。改(gai)革(ge)開(kai)放以(yi)來(lai)(lai)，我國教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)經歷了從(cong)獨(du)立的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)科(ke)、本(ben)科(ke)三(san)級師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)體(ti)(ti)系向開(kai)放的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)科(ke)、本(ben)科(ke)、研究生(sheng)新三(san)級教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)型(xing)，形成了以(yi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)院(yuan)校(xiao)為(wei)主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)、綜合(he)(he)院(yuan)校(xiao)參(can)與(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中國特色教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)體(ti)(ti)系。2018年(nian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)振興行(xing)動計劃實施以(yi)來(lai)(lai)，國家(jia)加(jia)大(da)投入(ru)力(li)度(du)，中央部屬(shu)高校(xiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)生(sheng)和(he)公費(fei)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)均撥(bo)款標準大(da)幅提(ti)(ti)(ti)升(sheng)，師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)院(yuan)校(xiao)“以(yi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)本(ben)”意識顯(xian)著增強。但由于(yu)長期以(yi)來(lai)(lai)財政(zheng)撥(bo)款和(he)評(ping)價政(zheng)策的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)約(yue)，與(yu)(yu)許多綜合(he)(he)院(yuan)校(xiao)相比，師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)院(yuan)校(xiao)辦學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)條件仍(reng)較(jiao)薄(bo)弱，迫切(qie)需要政(zheng)策上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)持(chi)續發(fa)(fa)力(li)，加(jia)大(da)對師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)院(yuan)校(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)支(zhi)持(chi)力(li)度(du)，支(zhi)持(chi)建設(she)一(yi)(yi)批國家(jia)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)基(ji)地(di)(di)，打造師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)高質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)發(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)排頭兵、領頭雁。加(jia)強教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)建設(she)，提(ti)(ti)(ti)高教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)水平，吸引高水平綜合(he)(he)性大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)參(can)與(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、培養高質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)生(sheng)。北京師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)圍繞基(ji)礎教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隊伍建設(she)，尤其是(shi)面(mian)向中西(xi)部欠發(fa)(fa)達地(di)(di)區(qu)，按照(zhao)“培養一(yi)(yi)批、輸送一(yi)(yi)批、提(ti)(ti)(ti)升(sheng)一(yi)(yi)批”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總體(ti)(ti)思路，形成從(cong)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)生(sheng)招生(sheng)、培養、輸送到教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)職后(hou)支(zhi)持(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全(quan)流程(cheng)、閉環(huan)式(shi)、系統性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)改(gai)革(ge)舉(ju)措(cuo)，這套(tao)“組合(he)(he)拳”形成了北師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da)致(zhi)力(li)于(yu)高質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)基(ji)礎教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隊伍建設(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“強師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工程(cheng)”。

　　加快培養(yang)(yang)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)一(yi)(yi)流的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師隊(dui)伍(wu)。面(mian)對世(shi)(shi)界(jie)百年未(wei)有(you)之大(da)變(bian)局(ju)(ju)，面(mian)對中(zhong)華民族(zu)偉大(da)復興的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)戰(zhan)略全(quan)局(ju)(ju)，“教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)用來改變(bian)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)強武器”。習近平總(zong)書記在全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)會(hui)上強調指(zhi)出(chu)(chu)：“沒有(you)哪一(yi)(yi)項(xiang)事業(ye)像教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)這(zhe)樣影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)甚(shen)(shen)至決(jue)(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)著接班人問(wen)題，影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)甚(shen)(shen)至決(jue)(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)著國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家長治久安，影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)甚(shen)(shen)至決(jue)(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)著民族(zu)復興和(he)(he)(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家崛起(qi)”。加快教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、建(jian)(jian)設教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)強國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，必須建(jian)(jian)設一(yi)(yi)支世(shi)(shi)界(jie)一(yi)(yi)流的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師隊(dui)伍(wu)。聯合國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)科(ke)文(wen)(wen)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)致(zhi)力(li)于(yu)推進(jin)重塑教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)進(jin)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)門(men)報告(gao)《一(yi)(yi)起(qi)重新構想(xiang)(xiang)我們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)未(wei)來：為(wei)(wei)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)打(da)造(zao)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社會(hui)契(qi)約》，提出(chu)(chu)“作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)項(xiang)協作(zuo)(zuo)性(xing)事業(ye)，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)應(ying)進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步專(zhuan)業(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)知識生(sheng)產者以及教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)社會(hui)變(bian)革的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵人物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)應(ying)得到(dao)認可(ke)”[6]。建(jian)(jian)設世(shi)(shi)界(jie)一(yi)(yi)流的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師隊(dui)伍(wu)，一(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)提高教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)治素(su)養(yang)(yang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)師德素(su)養(yang)(yang)。把提高教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師思想(xiang)(xiang)政(zheng)治素(su)質(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)職(zhi)業(ye)道(dao)德水平擺在首要(yao)(yao)位(wei)置(zhi)，把社會(hui)主義(yi)核心價值觀(guan)貫穿教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)書育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人全(quan)過程(cheng)，突出(chu)(chu)全(quan)員全(quan)方(fang)位(wei)全(quan)過程(cheng)師德養(yang)(yang)成(cheng)，推動(dong)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)先進(jin)思想(xiang)(xiang)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳播(bo)者、黨執政(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)堅(jian)定(ding)(ding)支持者、學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)健康(kang)成(cheng)長的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)導者。二是(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)以創新人才(cai)(cai)培養(yang)(yang)為(wei)(wei)目(mu)標(biao)，提升(sheng)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師培養(yang)(yang)層(ceng)次(ci)。2020年，全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)初中(zhong)專(zhuan)任(ren)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師研究(jiu)生(sheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)歷比(bi)例為(wei)(wei)4.0%，普通高中(zhong)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師研究(jiu)生(sheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)歷為(wei)(wei)11.5%[7]，與新時代(dai)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)事業(ye)改革發(fa)展(zhan)需求(qiu)(qiu)不相適(shi)應(ying)，與國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)對創新人才(cai)(cai)培養(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)師資(zi)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)不相匹配。《計劃》提出(chu)(chu)，推進(jin)高素(su)質(zhi)復合型碩士(shi)(shi)層(ceng)次(ci)高中(zhong)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師培養(yang)(yang)試點和(he)(he)(he)(he)公費師范(fan)生(sheng)攻讀教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)碩士(shi)(shi)改革，繼續實(shi)施農村學(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)碩士(shi)(shi)師資(zi)培養(yang)(yang)計劃，擴大(da)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)碩士(shi)(shi)、教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)博士(shi)(shi)招生(sheng)計劃等，深(shen)(shen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)本碩一(yi)(yi)體化(hua)(hua)(hua)設計，提升(sheng)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師培養(yang)(yang)層(ceng)次(ci)規格。三是(shi)(shi)提高教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師專(zhuan)業(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)水平，轉變(bian)中(zhong)小學(xue)(xue)(xue)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人方(fang)式。2019年中(zhong)共中(zhong)央國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)務(wu)院《關于(yu)深(shen)(shen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)改革全(quan)面(mian)提高義(yi)務(wu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)質(zhi)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意見》對教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)力(li)素(su)養(yang)(yang)提出(chu)(chu)了(le)(le)“五個新要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)”，要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)廣大(da)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師立足于(yu)“新課(ke)程(cheng)、新教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)材、新方(fang)法(fa)、新技(ji)術”，必須“不斷(duan)提高教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)德、課(ke)堂教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)、作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)與考試命題設計、實(shi)驗操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)和(he)(he)(he)(he)家庭教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)指(zhi)導等能(neng)力(li)”。聯合國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)科(ke)文(wen)(wen)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)《一(yi)(yi)起(qi)重新構想(xiang)(xiang)我們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)未(wei)來：為(wei)(wei)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)打(da)造(zao)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社會(hui)契(qi)約》對教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師職(zhi)業(ye)和(he)(he)(he)(he)素(su)養(yang)(yang)提出(chu)(chu)了(le)(le)新要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)，強調“教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)法(fa)應(ying)圍繞合作(zuo)(zuo)、協作(zuo)(zuo)和(he)(he)(he)(he)團結等原(yuan)則加以組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)。它應(ying)培養(yang)(yang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智力(li)、社會(hui)交往(wang)能(neng)力(li)和(he)(he)(he)(he)合乎道(dao)德的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行動(dong)能(neng)力(li)，使(shi)其能(neng)在同理心和(he)(he)(he)(he)同情心基礎上共同改造(zao)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)”“教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師應(ying)該以問(wen)題和(he)(he)(he)(he)項(xiang)目(mu)為(wei)(wei)導向(xiang)帶(dai)動(dong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)習，多(duo)采用讓(rang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)參(can)與、協作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)方(fang)法(fa)。現(xian)(xian)實(shi)是(shi)(shi)，21世(shi)(shi)紀大(da)不相同，我們不能(neng)再沿(yan)用以往(wang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)手(shou)段了(le)(le)”[8]。

　　加快(kuai)(kuai)構(gou)建(jian)(jian)支撐基(ji)(ji)礎教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)公(gong)共服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)均(jun)(jun)等(deng)化的(de)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)資(zi)源配置(zhi)(zhi)新格局(ju)。黨(dang)的(de)十九屆(jie)五中(zhong)全會(hui)(hui)提出(chu)，“十四五”基(ji)(ji)本(ben)公(gong)共服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)均(jun)(jun)等(deng)化水(shui)(shui)平(ping)明(ming)顯(xian)提高(gao)，全民受教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)程度不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)提升。習(xi)近平(ping)總書記主(zhu)持(chi)(chi)召開中(zhong)央(yang)全面深(shen)化改革(ge)委(wei)員會(hui)(hui)第十六次(ci)會(hui)(hui)議強(qiang)調(diao)(diao)：要(yao)(yao)圍繞服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)國(guo)家(jia)戰略(lve)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)，聚(ju)焦(jiao)人(ren)民群眾所急(ji)所需(xu)所盼，著(zhu)力構(gou)建(jian)(jian)優(you)質(zhi)均(jun)(jun)衡的(de)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)公(gong)共教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)體系，加快(kuai)(kuai)縮小區(qu)(qu)域、城(cheng)鄉差(cha)距。推進基(ji)(ji)礎教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)公(gong)共服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)均(jun)(jun)等(deng)化，縮小基(ji)(ji)礎教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)資(zi)源配置(zhi)(zhi)差(cha)距，必須建(jian)(jian)立高(gao)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)區(qu)(qu)域、城(cheng)鄉、校(xiao)(xiao)際均(jun)(jun)衡協調(diao)(diao)配置(zhi)(zhi)新格局(ju)。北師(shi)(shi)大(da)專家(jia)團隊(dui)(dui)(dui)在20多個省份100余個縣調(diao)(diao)研發(fa)(fa)現，基(ji)(ji)礎教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)伍建(jian)(jian)設取得很大(da)進展(zhan)的(de)同(tong)時，隊(dui)(dui)(dui)伍結構(gou)與質(zhi)量存在明(ming)顯(xian)差(cha)異，欠發(fa)(fa)達地(di)區(qu)(qu)的(de)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)“招不(bu)(bu)來、留不(bu)(bu)住(zhu)、教(jiao)(jiao)不(bu)(bu)好”的(de)問題依然突出(chu)。為此，迫(po)切(qie)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)深(shen)入、持(chi)(chi)續地(di)實施“中(zhong)西(xi)部欠發(fa)(fa)達地(di)區(qu)(qu)優(you)秀教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)定向(xiang)(xiang)培養(yang)計劃”，支持(chi)(chi)部屬師(shi)(shi)范(fan)大(da)學和高(gao)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)地(di)方(fang)師(shi)(shi)范(fan)院校(xiao)(xiao)為832個脫貧縣以及(ji)中(zhong)西(xi)部陸(lu)地(di)邊境縣定向(xiang)(xiang)培養(yang)輸(shu)送本(ben)科層次(ci)高(gao)素質(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)。同(tong)時持(chi)(chi)續加強(qiang)鄉村教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)伍建(jian)(jian)設，定向(xiang)(xiang)發(fa)(fa)力、精準施策，破(po)瓶(ping)頸(jing)、強(qiang)弱項，形成(cheng)“引得來、留得住(zhu)、教(jiao)(jiao)得優(you)、發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)好”的(de)良(liang)好局(ju)面。

　　三、高質量基礎教育教師隊伍建設的戰略保障

　　1988年，鄧(deng)小(xiao)(xiao)平(ping)同志在會見包玉(yu)剛先生時曾深(shen)情指出(chu)：教(jiao)育是(shi)一個民(min)族最根本(ben)的(de)(de)(de)事(shi)(shi)業。改(gai)革(ge)開(kai)放以來，以鄧(deng)小(xiao)(xiao)平(ping)、江澤民(min)、胡錦濤、習近平(ping)為主(zhu)要(yao)代(dai)表(biao)的(de)(de)(de)中國共(gong)產黨人(ren)，堅(jian)定(ding)不移地實施教(jiao)育優(you)先發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)戰略(lve)，堅(jian)持(chi)經濟社會發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)規劃要(yao)優(you)先安排(pai)教(jiao)育發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，財政資(zi)金要(yao)優(you)先保(bao)障教(jiao)育投入，公共(gong)資(zi)源(yuan)要(yao)優(you)先滿足教(jiao)育和(he)人(ren)力資(zi)源(yuan)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)需要(yao)。進入新時代(dai)，我國教(jiao)育事(shi)(shi)業優(you)先發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)矛盾已從各(ge)級各(ge)類教(jiao)育事(shi)(shi)業的(de)(de)(de)普及(ji)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)、擴大入學機會轉(zhuan)向內(nei)涵發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)和(he)質量(liang)提(ti)高。教(jiao)師(shi)隊伍(wu)建設在我國教(jiao)育改(gai)革(ge)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)中的(de)(de)(de)戰略(lve)地位日(ri)益凸顯出(chu)來。

　　確立(li)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)在教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)事(shi)業(ye)發展中(zhong)的(de)優(you)先(xian)地位(wei)。習近平總書記(ji)在全(quan)(quan)國(guo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)大(da)會(hui)上(shang)提出了(le)我(wo)國(guo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)事(shi)業(ye)改革的(de)“九個堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)”，其中(zhong)要求“堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)把教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)隊(dui)伍建設(she)(she)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為基礎工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)”。中(zhong)共中(zhong)央、國(guo)務院《關(guan)于(yu)全(quan)(quan)面深化新時代教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)隊(dui)伍建設(she)(she)改革的(de)意見(jian)(jian)》(以(yi)下簡(jian)稱《意見(jian)(jian)》)，明確指出，“把教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)置于(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)事(shi)業(ye)發展的(de)重點支持(chi)(chi)戰略領(ling)域，優(you)先(xian)謀(mou)劃教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，優(you)先(xian)保障教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)投入(ru)，優(you)先(xian)滿足教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)隊(dui)伍建設(she)(she)需要”。同(tong)時，要求“切實(shi)加強領(ling)導，實(shi)行一把手負責制”“各省、自(zi)治區、直轄市(shi)黨委常委會(hui)每年(nian)至少研究一次教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)隊(dui)伍建設(she)(she)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)”。這就(jiu)從根(gen)本上(shang)以(yi)黨中(zhong)央的(de)權威(wei)確立(li)了(le)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)隊(dui)伍建設(she)(she)在整(zheng)個教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)事(shi)業(ye)中(zhong)的(de)優(you)先(xian)地位(wei)。

　　確立教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)在教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)經(jing)(jing)費配(pei)置(zhi)中的(de)優(you)先地(di)位。《意見(jian)》明確指出(chu)，“各(ge)級政(zheng)府要將(jiang)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)隊(dui)伍建(jian)設(she)作為教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)投(tou)入重點予(yu)以(yi)(yi)優(you)先保障(zhang)” “鼓(gu)勵各(ge)地(di)結合(he)實際，適時提(ti)高(gao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)生(sheng)均撥(bo)(bo)款(kuan)(kuan)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)，提(ti)升師(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)保障(zhang)水平”。2018年教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)振興行動(dong)(dong)計劃實施以(yi)(yi)來(lai)，按照《意見(jian)》要求，國(guo)家(jia)(jia)率先加大(da)投(tou)入師(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)生(sheng)培養經(jing)(jing)費保障(zhang)力度，中央高(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)生(sheng)和(he)公(gong)費師(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)生(sheng)的(de)生(sheng)均撥(bo)(bo)款(kuan)(kuan)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)比2013年分別提(ti)高(gao)了3000元和(he)5000元，帶(dai)(dai)動(dong)(dong)地(di)方提(ti)高(gao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)院(yuan)校(xiao)(xiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)生(sheng)均撥(bo)(bo)款(kuan)(kuan)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)，師(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)院(yuan)校(xiao)(xiao)“以(yi)(yi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)為本(ben)”的(de)意識顯(xian)著增強。《計劃》明確提(ti)出(chu)，支持建(jian)設(she)一(yi)批國(guo)家(jia)(jia)師(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)基地(di)，打造師(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)高(gao)質量發(fa)(fa)展的(de)排頭兵(bing)、領頭雁。國(guo)家(jia)(jia)發(fa)(fa)展改革委對每個(ge)(ge)基地(di)投(tou)入不超過1個(ge)(ge)億，這是新世紀以(yi)(yi)來(lai)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)層(ceng)面(mian)在高(gao)等教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)重大(da)專(zhuan)(zhuan)項中，專(zhuan)(zhuan)門面(mian)向(xiang)師(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)院(yuan)校(xiao)(xiao)和(he)師(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)建(jian)設(she)進(jin)行的(de)最(zui)大(da)規模投(tou)入，必(bi)將(jiang)帶(dai)(dai)動(dong)(dong)我國(guo)師(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)院(yuan)校(xiao)(xiao)和(he)師(shi)(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)(fan)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)建(jian)設(she)，推動(dong)(dong)我國(guo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)事(shi)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)展。

　　確立(li)(li)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隊伍建(jian)設在教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)配置中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)優(you)先地位(wei)(wei)。一(yi)是教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)編(bian)(bian)制(zhi)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)向(xiang)基礎教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)傾(qing)(qing)斜。編(bian)(bian)制(zhi)是教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)作為(wei)(wei)國(guo)家(jia)基礎教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)公共教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)配置的(de)(de)(de)基本依據。《意(yi)見》提(ti)出“盤活(huo)事(shi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)編(bian)(bian)制(zhi)存(cun)量，優(you)化編(bian)(bian)制(zhi)結構，向(xiang)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隊伍傾(qing)(qing)斜，采取多種形式增加教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)總量，優(you)先保障教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)發(fa)展(zhan)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)”。二是教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)崗位(wei)(wei)設置向(xiang)基礎教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)傾(qing)(qing)斜。2020年，全國(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)學(xue)(xue)專任教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)副高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)級及以上職(zhi)稱比(bi)例(li)為(wei)(wei)14.4%，其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)學(xue)(xue)為(wei)(wei)7.2%，初中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)(wei)19.9%，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)(wei)27.5%[9]。“適當提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)學(xue)(xue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)級、高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)級教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)崗位(wei)(wei)比(bi)例(li)，暢通教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)通道”是《意(yi)見》提(ti)出的(de)(de)(de)明確要(yao)(yao)求。適應建(jian)設高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)素(su)質教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隊伍建(jian)設需(xu)要(yao)(yao)，著力提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)待(dai)(dai)(dai)遇(yu)和(he)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)地位(wei)(wei)，參考有(you)關行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)做法，借鑒國(guo)際(ji)經驗，建(jian)議(yi)將中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)學(xue)(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)級崗位(wei)(wei)結構比(bi)例(li)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)至20-30%。三是教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)待(dai)(dai)(dai)遇(yu)保障向(xiang)基礎教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)傾(qing)(qing)斜。習近平(ping)總書記在全國(guo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)大(da)會上強調(diao)：隨著辦學(xue)(xue)條件(jian)不斷(duan)改(gai)善，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)投入要(yao)(yao)更(geng)多向(xiang)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)傾(qing)(qing)斜，不斷(duan)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)待(dai)(dai)(dai)遇(yu)，讓廣(guang)大(da)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)安(an)心(xin)從教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)、熱心(xin)從教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)。2019年，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)學(xue)(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)平(ping)均(jun)工資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)為(wei)(wei)97681元[10]，僅略高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)于城鎮(zhen)就業(ye)(ye)(ye)人員(yuan)平(ping)均(jun)工資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)90501元。2017年OECD國(guo)家(jia)小(xiao)學(xue)(xue)平(ping)均(jun)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)為(wei)(wei)40580美元，約(yue)是中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年均(jun)工資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)2倍[11]。在全社(she)會倡導尊(zun)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)重(zhong)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)吸引力，必(bi)須(xu)持(chi)續(xu)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)待(dai)(dai)(dai)遇(yu)，提(ti)升教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)政治地位(wei)(wei)、社(she)會地位(wei)(wei)、職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)地位(wei)(wei)。一(yi)方(fang)面，需(xu)要(yao)(yao)繼續(xu)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)學(xue)(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)待(dai)(dai)(dai)遇(yu)，切實(shi)落(luo)實(shi)《教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)法》確定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)學(xue)(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)待(dai)(dai)(dai)遇(yu)不低于或者高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)于公務員(yuan)平(ping)均(jun)工資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)水平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求;另一(yi)方(fang)面，要(yao)(yao)盡快完(wan)善中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)學(xue)(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)績效(xiao)工資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)制(zhi)度，建(jian)立(li)(li)以崗位(wei)(wei)工資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)為(wei)(wei)核心(xin)的(de)(de)(de)績效(xiao)工資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)制(zhi)度，突出崗位(wei)(wei)貢獻(xian)、實(shi)干業(ye)(ye)(ye)績在教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)權重(zhong)。

　　下(xia)一步，通過全面實(shi)施基礎教育“強師(shi)(shi)計(ji)劃”，全國(guo)各級師(shi)(shi)范院校將更好的協同聯動，一起為黨和(he)國(guo)家基礎教育教師(shi)(shi)隊伍建設事(shi)業出思想、謀戰略、育良師(shi)(shi)，扎實(shi)做好中西(xi)部欠發達地區(qu)教師(shi)(shi)定(ding)向培養(yang)和(he)精(jing)準培訓，為推動建設高(gao)質量教育體系貢獻更多力(li)量。

　　參考文獻：

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　　作者：

　　程建平 北京師范大學黨委書記(ji)、研(yan)究(jiu)員，中國教育與(yu)社(she)會發展研(yan)究(jiu)院院長(chang)

　　張志勇 北京(jing)師(shi)范大學(xue)教授，中國(guo)教育(yu)政策(ce)研究院執(zhi)行院長

　　(本(ben)文來(lai)自《教育研究》2022年第4期)