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　　教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)高(gao)質量發(fa)展的(de)第一資(zi)源。黨的(de)二十屆(jie)三(san)中(zhong)全會對深化教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)綜合改革作出了(le)戰略(lve)性部署，為我國(guo)(guo)由教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)大國(guo)(guo)向(xiang)(xiang)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)強(qiang)(qiang)國(guo)(guo)系統性躍升和質變指明了(le)方向(xiang)(xiang)，確定了(le)重(zhong)點，提供了(le)遵循。建(jian)設教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)強(qiang)(qiang)國(guo)(guo)，基點在基礎教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)。目(mu)前，我國(guo)(guo)專任教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)總數達到1891.78萬(wan)，其(qi)中(zhong)基礎教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)階(jie)段教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)1683.97萬(wan)人，占教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)總數的(de)89%，是(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)強(qiang)(qiang)國(guo)(guo)建(jian)設的(de)中(zhong)堅力量。我們必須更加重(zhong)視基礎教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)隊伍建(jian)設，引(yin)導廣大教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)落實立德樹人根本任務，提升教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)書育(yu)(yu)(yu)人能力，推(tui)動(dong)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)優質均衡發(fa)展，為辦強(qiang)(qiang)辦優新時(shi)代基礎教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)提供有力師(shi)(shi)(shi)資(zi)保障。

　　以(yi)“德(de)(de)(de)”為(wei)先，著(zhu)力健全師(shi)(shi)(shi)德(de)(de)(de)師(shi)(shi)(shi)風(feng)(feng)建設長(chang)(chang)效機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。習(xi)近平總書記強調，育(yu)人(ren)的(de)(de)根本在于立德(de)(de)(de)。黨的(de)(de)二十屆三中(zhong)(zhong)全會作(zuo)(zuo)出健全師(shi)(shi)(shi)德(de)(de)(de)師(shi)(shi)(shi)風(feng)(feng)建設長(chang)(chang)效機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)專門(men)部署。我(wo)們(men)必須把(ba)師(shi)(shi)(shi)德(de)(de)(de)師(shi)(shi)(shi)風(feng)(feng)建設作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)隊伍建設的(de)(de)首(shou)要任務，引(yin)(yin)導廣(guang)大教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)德(de)(de)(de)立身、以(yi)德(de)(de)(de)立學、以(yi)德(de)(de)(de)施教(jiao)(jiao)，以(yi)高尚(shang)師(shi)(shi)(shi)德(de)(de)(de)引(yin)(yin)領學生成長(chang)(chang)。完(wan)善師(shi)(shi)(shi)德(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)涵養機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，強化正面引(yin)(yin)導，組織(zhi)每位教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)深入(ru)學習(xi)新時(shi)代教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)職(zhi)業行為(wei)十項準(zhun)(zhun)則，引(yin)(yin)導廣(guang)大教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)將(jiang)師(shi)(shi)(shi)德(de)(de)(de)師(shi)(shi)(shi)風(feng)(feng)建設融入(ru)課(ke)堂教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)和(he)(he)班級活動，融入(ru)良(liang)好師(shi)(shi)(shi)生關(guan)系，塑造以(yi)德(de)(de)(de)施教(jiao)(jiao)、健康有愛的(de)(de)學校氛圍。完(wan)善師(shi)(shi)(shi)德(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理評(ping)價機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，通(tong)過(guo)底線管(guan)控(kong)和(he)(he)責(ze)任傳導雙管(guan)齊下，壓(ya)實(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)小學黨組織(zhi)職(zhi)責(ze)，指(zhi)導各校通(tong)過(guo)標準(zhun)(zhun)衡(heng)量(liang)、指(zhi)南引(yin)(yin)領、教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)涵養、評(ping)價激勵(li)、違(wei)規懲處(chu)(chu)等一(yi)體化舉(ju)措，將(jiang)師(shi)(shi)(shi)德(de)(de)(de)師(shi)(shi)(shi)風(feng)(feng)第一(yi)標準(zhun)(zhun)落地落實(shi)(shi)落細。會同(tong)相(xiang)關(guan)單(dan)位落實(shi)(shi)從業禁止和(he)(he)準(zhun)(zhun)入(ru)查詢制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度，把(ba)好教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)入(ru)口關(guan)。完(wan)善師(shi)(shi)(shi)德(de)(de)(de)失(shi)范懲處(chu)(chu)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，嚴肅查處(chu)(chu)并(bing)通(tong)報師(shi)(shi)(shi)德(de)(de)(de)違(wei)規案(an)例，以(yi)儆(jing)效尤，對涉(she)及教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)不實(shi)(shi)舉(ju)報也要進行嚴厲打(da)擊(ji)，為(wei)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)正名。

　　以“能(neng)”為(wei)(wei)基，大力提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)書(shu)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)能(neng)力。我們必須進一步(bu)把握和遵循教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)書(shu)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)和教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)成長(chang)規律(lv)，把教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)能(neng)力素(su)(su)(su)質(zhi)提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)與(yu)科教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)興(xing)國戰(zhan)略(lve)、人(ren)(ren)才強(qiang)國戰(zhan)略(lve)、創新(xin)(xin)(xin)驅動(dong)發(fa)(fa)展戰(zhan)略(lve)統(tong)一起來，為(wei)(wei)基礎教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)發(fa)(fa)展提(ti)供強(qiang)大的師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)資支(zhi)撐(cheng)。健全教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)，持續擴大實施“國優(you)計劃”，拓展試點院校(xiao)范圍，吸引(yin)更(geng)多的“雙一流(liu)”高校(xiao)為(wei)(wei)基礎教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養高素(su)(su)(su)質(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。做好(hao)部(bu)屬師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)范大學(xue)本研(yan)銜(xian)接公費(fei)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)范生培(pei)(pei)(pei)養改革，提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)公費(fei)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)范生培(pei)(pei)(pei)養層(ceng)次(ci)。實施好(hao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)范教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)協同提(ti)質(zhi)計劃，加大對(dui)薄弱師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)范院校(xiao)支(zhi)持力度，提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)范院校(xiao)辦(ban)學(xue)水平(ping)。深化教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)全員(yuan)培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)改革，優(you)化教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)制(zhi)度和體(ti)系(xi)(xi)，整合各級培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)項目，形(xing)成覆蓋各級各類教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，貫穿教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)職業發(fa)(fa)展各階段，初任(ren)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、骨干教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、卓越(yue)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)家(jia)型教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)環(huan)環(huan)相扣、層(ceng)層(ceng)遞進的培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)。聚(ju)焦中小(xiao)學(xue)書(shu)記校(xiao)長(chang)辦(ban)學(xue)能(neng)力提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，聚(ju)焦足球教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、科學(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、音體(ti)美教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、勞動(dong)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、心理健康教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)，聚(ju)焦鄉村教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)，聚(ju)焦“精準(zhun)”培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)改革，做到培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)對(dui)象精準(zhun)、培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)課程精準(zhun)、培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)管理精準(zhun)、培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)效(xiao)果精準(zhun)。啟(qi)動(dong)數字化賦能(neng)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)展行動(dong)，貫徹國家(jia)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)數字化戰(zhan)略(lve)，加強(qiang)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)數字化素(su)(su)(su)養培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)，推動(dong)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)主動(dong)應用新(xin)(xin)(xin)技術，提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)能(neng)力和育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)水平(ping)。推動(dong)地方培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)與(yu)國家(jia)智慧(hui)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)平(ping)臺(tai)的對(dui)接，用好(hao)優(you)質(zhi)資源，提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)培(pei)(pei)(pei)訓(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)質(zhi)量(liang)。深入實施人(ren)(ren)工智能(neng)助推教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隊伍建設行動(dong)，積極探(tan)索教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)應對(dui)人(ren)(ren)工智能(neng)等新(xin)(xin)(xin)技術挑戰(zhan)的新(xin)(xin)(xin)路徑、新(xin)(xin)(xin)模式。

　　以(yi)“優(you)(you)(you)”為要(yao)，統(tong)(tong)籌優(you)(you)(you)化(hua)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)與資(zi)源配(pei)置(zhi)(zhi)。我們(men)要(yao)優(you)(you)(you)化(hua)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)資(zi)源配(pei)置(zhi)(zhi)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)立同(tong)人口變化(hua)相協調的基本公(gong)共教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)服務供給機制，著(zhu)眼教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)公(gong)平，統(tong)(tong)籌優(you)(you)(you)化(hua)師(shi)資(zi)配(pei)置(zhi)(zhi)，縮小(xiao)城鄉(xiang)、區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)、校際、群體差(cha)距，努力讓每個(ge)孩(hai)子都能(neng)享(xiang)有(you)(you)公(gong)平而有(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)的教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)。推動教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)配(pei)置(zhi)(zhi)超前(qian)謀劃，根據(ju)學(xue)(xue)齡(ling)人口峰(feng)谷變化(hua)做好前(qian)瞻性(xing)布局，優(you)(you)(you)化(hua)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)資(zi)源配(pei)置(zhi)(zhi)，超前(qian)應對教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)供給配(pei)備難(nan)題，推出(chu)優(you)(you)(you)化(hua)生(sheng)師(shi)配(pei)比(bi)的新舉措。突出(chu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)資(zi)源擴優(you)(you)(you)提質(zhi)(zhi)，有(you)(you)序推進(jin)義(yi)務教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)“縣管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)校聘”管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)，著(zhu)力在機制改革(ge)上發(fa)力，促進(jin)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)交流輪崗常態化(hua)。繼續實(shi)施“特(te)崗計(ji)劃”、教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人才“組團式(shi)”幫扶工(gong)作等(deng)系(xi)列幫扶項(xiang)目(mu)。大力實(shi)施國家銀齡(ling)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)行動計(ji)劃，從優(you)(you)(you)秀(xiu)退休(xiu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)中引智挖潛，滿足(zu)薄(bo)弱(ruo)地(di)區(qu)(qu)和薄(bo)弱(ruo)學(xue)(xue)校師(shi)資(zi)急需。創新教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)方(fang)式(shi)手段，充分發(fa)揮教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)數(shu)字(zi)化(hua)在縮小(xiao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)差(cha)距、提高教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)方(fang)面的重要(yao)作用(yong)，積(ji)極利用(yong)信息(xi)化(hua)手段促進(jin)優(you)(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)資(zi)源廣(guang)泛共享(xiang)，探(tan)索(suo)(suo)大規(gui)模因材施教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)、創新性(xing)與個(ge)性(xing)化(hua)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)，更好滿足(zu)群眾(zhong)“上好學(xue)(xue)”的需要(yao)。建(jian)(jian)(jian)好用(yong)好全(quan)國教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)信息(xi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)，以(yi)用(yong)促建(jian)(jian)(jian)推動信息(xi)“伴隨式(shi)收(shou)集”，探(tan)索(suo)(suo)構建(jian)(jian)(jian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)大數(shu)據(ju)，有(you)(you)效提升(sheng)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)效能(neng)，激發(fa)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)工(gong)作活力。

　　作者簡(jian)介：俞偉躍(yue)，教育部教師工作司司長

　　文章來(lai)源：《中國(guo)基礎教(jiao)育(yu)》2024年第9期(qi)