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　　強(qiang)國必先強(qiang)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，強(qiang)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)必先強(qiang)師。教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)部黨(dang)組貫徹落實黨(dang)中央決策部署，始(shi)終將教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師隊(dui)伍(wu)(wu)(wu)建(jian)設放(fang)在突出位置，經(jing)過(guo)10年的(de)不懈(xie)努力，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師隊(dui)伍(wu)(wu)(wu)建(jian)設發生了質的(de)飛躍，在打造(zao)高(gao)(gao)素質、專業化、創新型教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師隊(dui)伍(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)道(dao)路上(shang)邁上(shang)了新臺(tai)階(jie)，有力支撐(cheng)起了新時代教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)更高(gao)(gao)質量的(de)發展。作為教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師隊(dui)伍(wu)(wu)(wu)建(jian)設工作的(de)親歷者和見證(zheng)者，談幾(ji)點感受：

　　一(yi)是(shi)黨(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)領(ling)導(dao)(dao)全(quan)面加強。黨(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)十八大以來，以習(xi)近(jin)平同(tong)志(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)核心(xin)的(de)(de)黨(dang)(dang)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)高度重(zhong)(zhong)視(shi)教(jiao)師(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，堅(jian)持把(ba)教(jiao)師(shi)(shi)隊(dui)伍建(jian)設作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)基礎(chu)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，作(zuo)(zuo)出了系列重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)指示(shi)(shi)批示(shi)(shi)，明(ming)確了教(jiao)師(shi)(shi)隊(dui)伍的(de)(de)戰(zhan)略(lve)地位、使命責任(ren)和素(su)質(zhi)要(yao)求，為(wei)(wei)(wei)推進新時代教(jiao)師(shi)(shi)隊(dui)伍建(jian)設指明(ming)了方向。中(zhong)共中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)、國務院印(yin)發《關(guan)于(yu)(yu)全(quan)面深(shen)化新時代教(jiao)師(shi)(shi)隊(dui)伍建(jian)設改革的(de)(de)意見》，為(wei)(wei)(wei)教(jiao)師(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)提供了根本(ben)遵循。各級(ji)黨(dang)(dang)委政府(fu)貫徹落實習(xi)近(jin)平總書記(ji)關(guan)于(yu)(yu)教(jiao)師(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)論(lun)述，將教(jiao)師(shi)(shi)隊(dui)伍作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)教(jiao)育發展(zhan)的(de)(de)第一(yi)資(zi)源(yuan)，組(zu)建(jian)各級(ji)教(jiao)育工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)領(ling)導(dao)(dao)小組(zu)，建(jian)立教(jiao)師(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)聯席會議(yi)制度，黨(dang)(dang)委領(ling)導(dao)(dao)下(xia)的(de)(de)教(jiao)師(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)機制得(de)到進一(yi)步完善，堅(jian)持和強化黨(dang)(dang)對教(jiao)育工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)全(quan)面領(ling)導(dao)(dao)是(shi)建(jian)設高質(zhi)量(liang)教(jiao)師(shi)(shi)隊(dui)伍的(de)(de)根本(ben)保證。

　　二是(shi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)德(de)(de)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)風(feng)建設(she)更加(jia)(jia)健全。教育(yu)部先后印發《關(guan)于加(jia)(jia)強和改進新時(shi)代師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)德(de)(de)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)風(feng)建設(she)的(de)意見》等政策文件，出臺(tai)了大(da)中(zhong)小幼教師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)職(zhi)業行為(wei)(wei)十項準則以及配套的(de)處理(li)辦法和指導意見，始終把師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)德(de)(de)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)風(feng)作為(wei)(wei)教師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)招聘、人才引進、職(zhi)稱評審、評優獎勵等的(de)第(di)一(yi)標準，建立健全全方位、立體式(shi)、網格化(hua)的(de)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)德(de)(de)監(jian)管體系，切(qie)實形成了樹德(de)(de)正風(feng)常(chang)態化(hua)長效(xiao)化(hua)機制，師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)德(de)(de)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)風(feng)整體水(shui)平明顯提升，廣大(da)教師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)爭做“四有好老(lao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”局面加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)形成，師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)德(de)(de)高(gao)尚(shang)、潛心(xin)育(yu)人的(de)“大(da)先生(sheng)”“時(shi)代楷模”不斷涌現。

　　三是培養培訓質(zhi)量(liang)顯(xian)著提升。目前已經形成(cheng)了215所(suo)(suo)師(shi)(shi)范(fan)院(yuan)校(xiao)為(wei)主體和510所(suo)(suo)非師(shi)(shi)范(fan)院(yuan)校(xiao)共同(tong)參與的(de)(de)師(shi)(shi)范(fan)生多(duo)元(yuan)化培養格局。實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)振興行動(dong)計(ji)(ji)劃、新時代基礎教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)強師(shi)(shi)計(ji)(ji)劃，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)體系(xi)(xi)進(jin)一步加(jia)強。部屬公費師(shi)(shi)范(fan)生制(zhi)度從“免(mian)費”走(zou)向“公費”，履約期10年變成(cheng)6年，體現(xian)了師(shi)(shi)范(fan)生培養的(de)(de)優(you)(you)越性，也更(geng)易于(yu)激發(fa)職業認同(tong)感。北京師(shi)(shi)范(fan)大學實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)該政策以來，結(jie)合(he)自身優(you)(you)勢不(bu)斷探索新時代師(shi)(shi)范(fan)生培養創新之路，已為(wei)中(zhong)西部地(di)(di)區(qu)輸送了大批高水(shui)平青年骨(gu)干教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)。2021年國家實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)“優(you)(you)師(shi)(shi)計(ji)(ji)劃”，進(jin)一步聚焦欠發(fa)達(da)地(di)(di)區(qu)加(jia)強教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)定向培養。改革“國培計(ji)(ji)劃”，實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)職業院(yuan)校(xiao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)素質(zhi)提高計(ji)(ji)劃、中(zhong)西部高校(xiao)新入職教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)國培示范(fan)培訓計(ji)(ji)劃等項目，建立“國-省-市-縣(xian)-校(xiao)”五(wu)級(ji)聯動(dong)的(de)(de)新型教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)培訓體系(xi)(xi)，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)培訓體系(xi)(xi)更(geng)加(jia)完備(bei)。在學會工作(zuo)期間，我明顯(xian)感覺(jue)到這幾年各級(ji)各類(lei)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)培訓力度在加(jia)強，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)隊伍建設(she)工作(zuo)正(zheng)在走(zou)向關注素質(zhi)能力提升的(de)(de)新階(jie)段，符合(he)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)和教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)工作(zuo)規律(lv)，符合(he)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)高質(zhi)量(liang)發(fa)展要求(qiu)。

　　四是(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隊(dui)伍治理更(geng)加高(gao)效。針對教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)管(guan)理體制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的“痛點”，教(jiao)(jiao)育部與編(bian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、人社、財政等(deng)(deng)部門密切配(pei)合，著力深(shen)化師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)資(zi)配(pei)備、編(bian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)理、職(zhi)(zhi)稱(cheng)評審(shen)等(deng)(deng)重點領(ling)域改革，不(bu)斷激發(fa)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)活力。統(tong)一了城鄉(xiang)中(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)學(xue)(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)職(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)編(bian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)標準，實現了全(quan)國中(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)學(xue)(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)職(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)編(bian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)省(sheng)市縣(xian)(xian)三級全(quan)面(mian)達標。全(quan)面(mian)推開(kai)中(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)學(xue)(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)資(zi)格(ge)考試(shi)和定期注(zhu)冊制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度改革，嚴把教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隊(dui)伍入口關。科學(xue)(xue)有(you)序推進(jin)“縣(xian)(xian)管(guan)校(xiao)聘”改革和縣(xian)(xian)域內義務教(jiao)(jiao)育學(xue)(xue)校(xiao)校(xiao)長教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)交流輪(lun)崗工(gong)作。統(tong)一中(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)學(xue)(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)職(zhi)(zhi)稱(cheng)評審(shen)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度，設置正(zheng)高(gao)級職(zhi)(zhi)稱(cheng)，打破中(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)學(xue)(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)職(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)“天花(hua)板”。實施“定向評價、定向使(shi)用”傾斜政策，提高(gao)鄉(xiang)村教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)職(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)吸引(yin)力。扎實推進(jin)放管(guan)服改革，下放高(gao)等(deng)(deng)學(xue)(xue)校(xiao)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)職(zhi)(zhi)稱(cheng)評審(shen)權，完善職(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)院校(xiao)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)職(zhi)(zhi)稱(cheng)評審(shen)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度。持續推進(jin)減(jian)輕中(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)學(xue)(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)非教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)負(fu)擔(dan)，保障教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)安(an)心從教(jiao)(jiao)。

　　五是尊(zun)師(shi)(shi)重教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)氛(fen)圍(wei)更加(jia)濃厚。弘揚(yang)尊(zun)師(shi)(shi)重教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)優(you)良(liang)傳統，完善教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)榮譽表彰體(ti)系(xi)，形成了(le)尊(zun)師(shi)(shi)重教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)、強(qiang)師(shi)(shi)興(xing)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)的良(liang)好氛(fen)圍(wei)。教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育經費優(you)先(xian)傾斜、優(you)先(xian)投入教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)隊(dui)伍(wu)，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)待遇保障體(ti)系(xi)普遍建立，基本實現義務教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)平均工資收入水平不低(di)于當地公(gong)務員平均工資收入水平，鄉村教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)工資收入持續增(zeng)長。報(bao)考師(shi)(shi)范專(zhuan)業優(you)秀學(xue)生人數(shu)和報(bao)名參加(jia)招(zhao)考教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)崗(gang)位(wei)人數(shu)大幅增(zeng)加(jia)，教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)職業吸引力明顯增(zeng)強(qiang)。

　　當前，教(jiao)(jiao)育事業面臨高(gao)質(zhi)量發(fa)展、數(shu)字化(hua)轉型等新(xin)的機遇與挑戰(zhan)，實現教(jiao)(jiao)育現代化(hua)、教(jiao)(jiao)育強(qiang)國建(jian)(jian)設(she)目標，需要持續(xu)不斷地加(jia)強(qiang)高(gao)質(zhi)量教(jiao)(jiao)師隊伍建(jian)(jian)設(she)。對此(ci)，我們充滿(man)期(qi)待(dai)。（作(zuo)者(zhe)：中國教(jiao)(jiao)育學(xue)會原會長(chang)、教(jiao)(jiao)授 鐘(zhong)秉(bing)林）